Programming Humor

Click it and watch it!

In the beginning there was the computer:
 http://www.pi.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/creation.html

Practice problems + Solutions

Hello fellow members,
I know there are million others who are out of ideas to code, like me. After a little bit of searching, I have found a link in which it contains some C++ exercises and solutions for those exercises. Remember that the exercises are arranged from difficulty; If you want the hard ones, scroll all the way to the bottom.

Ordered based on difficulty(really easy for beginner programmers): http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C++_Program...Iterations

A lot of exercises!: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C%2B%2B_Pro.../Exercises

Not ordered in any way: http://www.fz-juelich.de/video/cpp/html/exercises.html

The most famous, ProjectEuler: http://projecteuler.net/index.php?section=problems

I hope you found this helpful. Please if you have any ideas or websites which contains some programming ideas, feel free to post them.

Thanks for reading,

C++ Send EMail + Win32 w/ Download

Hello fellow coders,



It is coded purely C/C++.

Also, the part that consumed most of my time in this project was base64 encryption. I was initially thinking of just ripping one online but couldn't. All the sources used external libraries and if you know me, I hate doing that. Not to mention, I had no patience to read over the external library and copy/paste it and adjust to the modifications of my project.

So I went ahead and implemented my own retarded base64 encryption, which works fine. I followed this: Base64 Wikipedia

It's pretty simple and VERY basic.

Basic outline of the program:

Code:

connect to smtp.gmail.com on port 25
Client: EHLO mail.gmail.com\r\n
Client: AUTH LOGIN\r\n
Client: base64 encrypted email\r\n
Client: base64 encrypted password\r\n
Server: 250 Accepted. --This is important to check.
Client: MAIL FROM: <emailid>\r\n
Client: RCPT TO: <toemailid>\r\n
DATA\r\n
Client: From: uremailid\r\n
Client: To: toemailid\r\n
Client: Subject: somesubject\r\n
Client: \r\n
Client: somemessageyouwanttosend\r\n
Client: .\r\n by sending period, it represents end of message.

The commands above are the ones sent to GMail server. That's all that's needed to send an EMail along with base64 encoder.

oh also, this is a very messy code, with little to no error handling. So, it's not perfect. It finishes its job though: send email. I didn't think about efficiency that much; I just wanted to get it done.

Download Link: http://uploading.com/e422f2f9/Emailer-rar

Source:
main.cpp
resource.rc
resource.h

Thanks and regards,

Simple Port Scanner + Source

Brief Description
Checks whether the given port is either open or closed.

Instructions
There are no need for Instructions for this program. Even your Grandma can figure it out.

Source: Simple Port Scanner

Please feel free to comment and if you have any suggestions, please post those as well.

Thanks for reading,

ProjectEuler Stairs + Source

Here is the assignment with better description: bottmy's idea

Try creating the program yourself; if you can't figure it out, check
out my solution. If you don't understand my source, feel free
to reply your question in the comments below. :D

The Source: bottomy's idea + Source

Please send feed-back if this was helpful so it gives me the motivation
to post more of these helpful code.

Bubble Sort with DMA + Source

Assignment's Information
Here is an illustration of what the program should do: http://pastebin.com/WTLUggxd It might look a little complicated but if you write out the thought process, it will be a piece of cake. Also, one of the requirements the program must have is to DMA(Dynamic Memory Allocation) so it will be a little professional and much more productive and efficient.

Solution: http://pastebin.com/Cz5eBDib

Note: I am sure there are more efficient ways and I admit I am not the most efficient coder but I am trying to be one because I have realized that efficiency plays a huge role in programming. So, If you have any suggestions or constructive criticism, please feel free to reply.

Aristotelian Argumentation

Aristotelian Argumentation

1. Prologue
2. Three ways to persuade
   • Ethos
   • Pathos
   • Logos
     
3. Real-life works and examples
4. Conclusion and credits
   

Prologue: The Aristotelian argumentation, as anticipated, was developed and implemented by a great thinker and a debater, Aristotle. Aristotle was a thinker who surpassed the level of thinking of an average human-being; His contributions encompassed almost of all fields such as Biology, Philosophy, Theology, Astronomy, etc... . One of his most used contribution is his argumentation structure which shows necessary skills to a debater/thinker in to persuading your opponent and 13 fallacies that one should avoid.

Three ways to persuade: This format of persuading is the most effective way to prove your point and build a strong base to your argument; These three ways of argumentation is being used by many debaters. We look at some real-life works and examples of these argumentations later.

• Ethos - An Aristotelian argumentation which uses credible sources to prove his/her point.
  
  • Credibility When one is using credibility to prove his/her point, then that one must provide a credible source which is either provided/written by a qualified scholar or an authoritarian. For example: One cannot support his claim with a source from a website with no qualified credibility such as Yahoo answers, blogspots. However one can support his/her claim by using a source with a qualified author from Harvard University or a certified expert. Holistically, Credibility argumentation is the usage of sources with an expert opinion.
  • Reputable Reputable is a form of credibility except it depends on the reputation a source was given by has. For example: If one is trying to persuade you to buy his product, he/she will use a reputed personality to promote your product; This reputed personality could be Oprah Winfrey, Barack Hussein Obama, or any other famous and persuading character.
    
• Pathos - This argumentation deals with persuading or proving your point through emotional statements or arguments. Pathos doesn't contain any sub-categories because it is a straight-forward argumentation in which the debater or the opponent uses emotional and personal attacks to prove his/her points. Lets use some flamers on Hackforums as an example to this argumentation: When one makes a thread discriminating the entire Muslim religion because of the act of one Muslim terrorist, Muslims are enraged because of the false accusation. This type of response is Pathos. The Muslim member feels this treatment unfair for accusing an entire race for the act of few members.
• Logos - Logos is the most useful and resolving argumentation of the three argumentation type, however, statistics show that people tend to use Pathos and Ethos more often. This also alludes to the fact why people fail to make a strong points and arguments on Hackforums. Logos mainly deals with rational explanations which scientific proofs and reason.
  • Evidence Evidence is a straightforward tool to prove a point and build a strong base. One of the main mis-conceptions of this sub-category is that evidence only encompasses Scientific evidences and proofs which means one cannot use the Bible, Quran, Harry Potter or any other Holy Books and fictional books as evidences to support arguments; If one negates the previous stated rule and uses fictional sources as evidence, that one will fail the debate automatically. One must use scientific proofs and physical/material evidence with supported hypothesis and conclusion as an evidence to support that ones claim.
  • Reason Reason is a sub-category in which most people rarely touch or use on Hackforums. This type of argumentation deals with rational and logical thinking without any scientific evidence or proofs. For example: When one says our Universe has a creator because everything has to have a creator, then the creator should also have a creator according to his/her logic.
    

Those three ways of persuading encompasses all types of speeches or debates. Every passage, debate, or a speech you encounter in your life will fall under one(or two) of the categories.

Real-life works and examples:
In this example, we will be analyzing the letter Martin Luther King[Jr.] sent to the clergyman in Atlanta. The prologue behind this letter is truly fantastic. The seven clergymen from Atlanta accuses Dr. King's actions as violent and it should halted. However, Dr. King[Jr.] rejects this accusation and responds through a polite letter; He uses many argumentations in his letter.

Example: "I think I should indicate why I am here in Birmingham, since you have been influenced by the view which argues against "outsiders coming in." I have the honor of serving as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. We have some eighty five affiliated organizations across the South, and one of them is the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. Frequently we share staff, educational and financial resources with our affiliates. Several months ago the affiliate here in Birmingham asked us to be on call to engage in a nonviolent direct action program if such were deemed necessary. We readily consented, and when the hour came we lived up to our promise. So I, along with several members of my staff, am here because I was invited here. I am here because I have organizational ties here." ~Martin Luther Kind[Jr.] letter from Birmingham Jail.

Explanation: After analyzing the paragraph, we can conclude that this passage from the speech is an example of credibility which falls under the category of Ethos. This passage is Ethos because Dr. King[Jr.] states that he is a reputed and credible person because he served president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. This shows that he has the complete authority to speak and support his claim.

Example: "In your statement you assert that our actions, even though peaceful, must be condemned because they precipitate violence. But is this a logical assertion? Isn't this like condemning a robbed man because his possession of money precipitated the evil act of robbery? Isn't this like condemning Socrates because his unswerving commitment to truth and his philosophical inquiries precipitated the act by the misguided populace in which they made him drink hemlock? Isn't this like condemning Jesus because his unique God consciousness and never ceasing devotion to God's will precipitated the evil act of crucifixion?" ~Martin Luther Kind[Jr.] letter from Birmingham Jail.

Explanation: This is a tough passage to "decipher" the category it falls under but after analyzing deeply, we can conclude that this is a logical passage, Logos. This passage is logos because he refutes the accusation and continues to provide series of examples and shows that Dr. King[Jr.]'s acts are non-violent just like how the examples he provided are.

-You can find many argumentation styles in just about every speech you encounter. The speech George W. Bush gave us after the 911 attack is a perfect example of Pathos.

Conclusion and credits: This thread was written entirely by me, Sri Krishna(which is my account on Hackforums), without plagiarizing any of the material. If one decides to use any segment or the entire thread, he/she must give credits. I would also like to give credits to my English teacher for teaching us Aristotelian Argumentation.

Thanks for reading,

Problem description:

Quote:By listing the first six prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13, we can see that the 6th prime is 13.

What is the 10001st prime number?

Try to solve it by yourself and then look at the solution.

Solution:

Spoiler (Click to View)

Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

bool IsPrime(int num)
{
    if(num % 2 == 0 && num != 2)
        return false;
    for(int i = 3; i <= sqrt((long double)num); i += 2)
            if(num % i == 0)
                return false;
    return true;
}

int main()
{
    unsigned long i = 2, n;
    std::cout << "Find the nth prime number: ";
    std::cin >> n;
    for(int j = 0; j < n; i++)
    {
        if(IsPrime(i))
            j++;
    }
    std::cout << i - 1;
    std::cin.ignore();
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}
As you can see, I sort of tweaked it to find the nth prime number, not just 10001st.

Feel free to post any suggestions, tips, or comments.

Get Website Source + Source

Just a simple source, I would like to share. It can output the IP Addresses of as many websites as you pass through the command line.

Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    WSADATA wsData;
    if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsData) != 0)
    {
        std::cout << "Cannot WSAStartup\n";
        WSACleanup();
    }
    else
    {
        for(int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
            std::cout << argv[i] << " : " << inet_ntoa(*(in_addr*)*gethostbyname(argv[i])->h_addr_list) << std::endl;
    }
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}

Command-line:

Code:

Directory>GetWebAddress www.hackforums.net www.google.com www.youtube.com
www.hackforums.net : 69.162.82.251
www.google.com : 72.14.204.99
www.youtube.com : 74.125.113.92

Assembly Calculator + Source

Hello everyone,

After a long hassle, I began learning Assembly; I must say it is very challenging and it is definitely worth it.

Here is the source:

Code:

.data
    Hello:
        .asciz "1. Add\n2. Subtract\n3. Divide\n4. Multiplication\nOption:"
    first:
        .asciz "First Number:"
    second:
        .asciz "Second Number:"
    answer:
        .asciz "The answer is: %d\n"
    d:
        .ascii "%d\0"
    int1:
        .int 0
    int2:
        .int 0
    option:
        .int 1
.text

.globl _main

    _main:
        pushl $first
        call _printf
        addl $4, %esp

        pushl $int1
        pushl $d
        call _scanf
        addl $8, %esp

        pushl $second
        call _printf
        addl $4, %esp

        pushl $int2
        pushl $d
        call _scanf
        addl $8, %esp

        pushl $Hello
        call _printf
        addl $4, %esp

        pushl $option
        pushl $d
        call _scanf
        addl $8, %esp

        cmpl $1, option
        jz toadd
        cmpl $2, option
        jz subtract
        cmpl $3, option
        jz divide
        cmpl $4, option
        jz multiplication

        toadd:
        movl int1, %eax
        addl int2, %eax
        pushl %eax
        pushl $answer
        call _printf
        addl $8, %esp        
        jmp end        

        subtract:

        movl int1, %eax
        subl int2, %eax
        pushl %eax
        pushl $answer
        call _printf
        addl $8, %esp
        jmp end        

        divide:
        movl int1, %eax
        movl int2, %ebx
        xorl %edx, %edx
        idivl %ebx
        pushl %eax
        pushl $answer
        call _printf        
        addl $8, %esp
        jmp end        

        multiplication:                
        movl int1, %eax
        movl int2, %ebx
        imull %ebx
        pushl %eax
        pushl $answer
        call _printf
        addl $8, %esp

        end:
        call _getchar
        call _getchar
        ret

How do you assemble it?

Code:

as -o main.o main.s

How do you link it?

Code:

ld main.o -o main.exe -e_main -L"C:\Dev-cpp\lib" -lmsvcrt

Is there an easier method to assemble and link it?
Yes, there is. Open notepad and put this:

Code:

as -o main.o main.s
ld main.o -o main.exe -e_main -L"C:\Dev-cpp\lib" -lmsvcrt

Save it as build.bat[orwhatever.bat] and put it into the same folder as the source. Open the build.bat and it should compile.

Simple Network Chat + Source

Hello fellow programmers,

It's a very simple chat program. The only problem is that the server doesn't handle multiple clients. I'll make one as soon as I gain in depth knowledge in Winsocks. If possible, can anyone link me to a guide to learn about handling multiple clients?

Client source:

Code:

/**

Program: Simple chat program
Author: Sri Krishna

**/

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

SOCKET sock;

void recvdata()
{
    while(1)
    {
        char msg[256];
        memset(msg, 0, 256);
        int r = recv(sock, msg, 256, 0);
        if(r == SOCKET_ERROR)
        {
            std::cout << "\n\nServer is disconnected\n\n";
            std::cin.ignore();
            std::cin.get();
            closesocket(sock);
            WSACleanup();
            exit(1);
        }
        else
            std::cout << "Friend: " << msg << std::endl;
    }
}

void senddata()
{
    while(1)
    {
        char msg[256];
        memset(msg, 0, 256);
        std::cin.get(msg, 256);
        int ret = send(sock, msg, strlen(msg), 0);
        if(ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
        {
            std::cout << "\n\nServer is disconnected\n\n";
            std::cin.ignore();
            std::cin.get();
            closesocket(sock);
            WSACleanup();
            exit(1);
        }
        std::cin.ignore();
    }
}

int main()
{
    WSADATA wsData;
    if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsData) != 0)
    {
        std::cout << "WSAStartup!\n";
    }
    else
    {
        sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
        if(sock == INVALID_SOCKET)
        {
            std::cout << "socket()\n";
            WSACleanup();
        }
        else
        {
            sockaddr_in sin;
            sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
            sin.sin_port = htons(626);
            sin.sin_family = AF_INET;

            while(connect(sock, (sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
                connect(sock, (sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin));
            std::cout << "Connected to your friend\n\n";
            HANDLE hThread[2];
            DWORD thread1, thread2;
            hThread[0] = CreateThread(NULL, NULL, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)recvdata, NULL, NULL, &thread1);
            hThread[1] = CreateThread(NULL, NULL, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)senddata, NULL, NULL, &thread2);
            WaitForMultipleObjects(2, hThread, true, INFINITE);
        }
    }

    std::cin.ignore();
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}

Server source:

Code:

/**

Program: Simple chat program
Author: Sri Krishna

**/

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

SOCKET sock, acceptsock;

void recvdata()
{
    while(1)
    {
        char msg[256];
        memset(msg, 0, 256);
        int r = recv(sock, msg, 256, 0);
        if(r == SOCKET_ERROR)
        {
            std::cout << "\n\nServer is disconnected\n\n";
            std::cin.ignore();
            std::cin.get();
            closesocket(sock);
            WSACleanup();
            exit(1);
        }
        else
            std::cout << "Friend: " << msg << std::endl;
    }
}

void senddata()
{
    while(1)
    {
        char msg[256];
        memset(msg, 0, 256);
        std::cin.get(msg, 256);
        int ret = send(sock, msg, strlen(msg), 0);
        if(ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
        {
            std::cout << "\n\nServer is disconnected\n\n";
            std::cin.ignore();
            std::cin.get();
            closesocket(sock);
            WSACleanup();
            exit(1);
        }
        std::cin.ignore();
    }
}

int main()
{
    WSADATA wsData;
    if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsData) != 0)
    {
        std::cout << "WSAStartup!\n";
    }
    else
    {
        sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
        if(sock == INVALID_SOCKET)
        {
            std::cout << "socket()\n";
            WSACleanup();
        }
        else
        {
            sockaddr_in sin;
            sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;
            sin.sin_port = htons(626);
            sin.sin_family = AF_INET;

            while(bind(sock, (sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
                bind(sock, (sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin));

            while(listen(sock, 1) == SOCKET_ERROR)
            {
                listen(sock, 1);
            }

            while(1)
            {
                acceptsock = SOCKET_ERROR;
                while(acceptsock == SOCKET_ERROR)
                {
        acceptsock = accept(sock, NULL, NULL);
                }
                std::cout << "Connected to your friend!\n\n";
                sock = acceptsock;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    HANDLE hThread[2];
    DWORD thread1, thread2;
    hThread[0] = CreateThread(NULL, NULL, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)recvdata, NULL, NULL, &thread1);
    hThread[1] = CreateThread(NULL, NULL, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)senddata, NULL, NULL, &thread2);
    WaitForMultipleObjects(2, hThread, true, INFINITE);
    std::cin.ignore();
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}

Client code with C++ highlights: http://pastebin.com/Zbc7qwDc
Server code with C++ highlights: http://pastebin.com/R3stNU0v

Also, I need your guys' favor. The only way I can improve my knowledge is by receiving projects that require me to search for new methods and concepts. So, if possible, give me some tough projects or tough concepts to research. I need some concepts to learn....

Dynamic Database - ProjectEuler + Solution

Hello fellow members,

Before you talk about SQL connection and stuff, this has nothing to do with that.

My friend gave me an assignment to do this:

Code:

Make a program like this:
1. Add to database
2. Display databse
Option:

You should be able to add as many databases as you want. It should ask you for name, age, gender, and after it is registered, put the computer time in a string(which should be a string or whatever). All this information should be taken into a structure

When displaying the database, it should display like this:
--
<The registered time>
Name: Name
Age: 15
Gender: M

The 'Display database' option should print all the databases added.

I know this source code sucks, leave me alone:

Spoiler (Click to View)

Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>

int counter = 0, option = 0;

struct data_base
{
    std::string name;
    int age;
    char gender;
    std::string curtime;
};

int main()
{
    data_base **array = new data_base*;
    data_base *data = new data_base;
    while(1)
    {
        system("CLS"); //don't care
        std::cout << "1. Append to Database\n2. Display Database\nChoose(1/2):";
        std::cin >> option;
        if(option == 1)
        {
            data = new data_base;
            system("CLS"); //don't care
            std::cout << "Enter the name: ";
            std::cin.ignore();
            std::getline(std::cin, data->name);
            std::cout << "Enter the Age: ";
            std::cin >> data->age;
            std::cout << "Enter the gender: ";
            std::cin >> data->gender;
            while(data->gender != 'm' && data->gender != 'M' && data->gender != 'f' && data->gender != 'F')
            {
                std::cout << "\nEnter the correct gender type\n";
                std::cout << "Enter the gender: ";
                std::cin >> data->gender;
            }
            time_t raw_time;
            tm *time_info;
            time(&raw_time);
            time_info = localtime(&raw_time);
            data->curtime = asctime(time_info);
            array[counter] = data;
            counter++;
        }
        else if(option == 2)
        {
            system("CLS"); //don't care
            int c = 0;
            while(c < counter) //problem is heere
            {
                std::cout << "\n--\n";
                std::cout << "Time appended: " << array[c]->curtime << std::endl;
                std::cout << "Name: " << array[c]->name << std::endl;
                std::cout << "Age: " << array[c]->age << std::endl;
                std::cout << "Gender: " << array[c]->gender << std::endl;
                c++;
            }
            std::cin.ignore();
            std::cin.get();
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Can you read?";
        }
    }
    std::cin.ignore();
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}

Memory Patching with OllyDbg + Source

Hello fellow programmers,

Today, I'll be showing you a rather interesting technique known as memory patching; this method is also used in game hacking to patch the anti-hack and to modify instructions. You will understand what I mean as we proceed through the tutorial.

In this tutorial, we will be hacking minesweeper. I know you'll be thinking hacking minesweeper is really low and useless but you see, minesweeper is just an example but you can use this technique to patch anti-hack on online games and hack online games. Useful technique, isn't it? Now, I want to open minesweeper in cheat engine and get the time address. I'll show you how to get the time address with screenshots; if you already know how to use cheat engine, then you can skip it.

1. Open minesweeper in cheatengine.
2. Enter '0' in the textbox and click 'New Scan'
3. Click on any of the boxes. You'll see the time incrementing by 1.
4. Change the cheat engine's scan type to 'Increased value' and click 'Next Scan'. What this does is that it will check which address' value has been increasing.
5. Keep clicking 'Next Scan', until you have isolated to one address, which, if you followed the instructions correctly, should be the time address. The value of the address should update real time.
6. Double click on the address. It will add it to the listbox at bottom. Now, right click and click 'Find out what writes to this address'. It should give you one assembly instruction. This is the instruction inside minesweeper that updates the time value by 1.



This is the instruction I recieved from cheat engine:

Code:

01002FF5 - FF 05 9C570001  - inc [0100579C]

Explanation: The instruction is located in memory address(01002FF5) and it is INC(assembly instruction for increment) the value inside the 100579C(time address).

The C/C++ equivalent:

Code:

(*timeAddress)++;

Now, open up OllyDbg and open Minesweeper in it. Winmine.exe is located in system32 folder inside Windows.

After Minesweeper is loaded onto ollydbg, press control + G. This will ask us where in the ollydbg do you want to go to. We want to go to this: 01002FF5, where our instruction is located.



Now, the dark bracket line that covers 9 lines, including our incrememnt instruction is a function minesweeper calls. That functions' purpose is to update the time. Now, I want the game to not execute the function. So, lets write a DLL that will NOP(Assembly instruction for no operation) the function. Lets see what's actually calling time update function. You can do that by clicking the first instruction of the function which is

Code:

01002FE0  /$ 833D 64510001 >CMP DWORD PTR DS:[1005164],0

If you click on it, olly will tell us what's calling this instruction. Here is an image to help you out:


It's a local call from 01001d6c. Lets press control + G and go there or you can right click on that string and click 'Go to CALL from 01001d6c'. Once you go there, you will notice something interesting, if you know Win32 programming. You'll see WM_TIMER. WM_TIMER is a message.

This is the instruction:

Code:

01001D6C  |. E8 6F120000    CALL winmine.01002FE0    ;  Case 113 (WM_TIMER) of switch 01001D5B

That instruction uses CALL(assembly instruction to call a funtion or address in the program) to call the time update function. Now, lets write the DLL to NOP the function. It's very simple. You'll need two functions: VirtualProtect and memcpy

The instruction is protected. It's only for us to read and understand the code and not to edit it as we wish. So we will use VirtualProtect function to edit the privilages to PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE which will let us not only read the memory but also write to it.

VirtualProtect asks for:

Code:

VirtualProtect(WhichAddress, Size, WhatTypeOfProtection, ActualProtection);

We will pass in 01001D6C for WhichAddress, and 5 bytes for the size, and PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE for WhatTypeOfProtection so that we can use memcpy to write to the address. For the last parameter, we will pass the address of a DWORD to store the actual protection so we can bring the address back to the way it was after we use it. With me so far?

This is what the code will look like:

Code:

    DWORD dwOld;
    VirtualProtect((LPVOID)WM_TIMER_ADDRESS, 5, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &dwOld);

WM_TIMER_ADDRESS is a definition for our 01001D6C.

Now, we want to memcpy the NOP bytes to the address. Now how will we do that? Simple. Let's create a BYTE array.

Code:

BYTE nops[] = {0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90};

0x90 is the hex exquivalent of the NOP instruction.

Now, let's copy the nops and patch the memory!

Code:

memcpy((void *)WM_TIMER_ADDRESS, nops, 5);

Now, we have to set the original protection type back to the way it was.

Code:

    VirtualProtect((LPVOID)WM_TIMER_ADDRESS, 5, dwOld, &dwOld);

I made a function called patch() to make it easier to understand.

Here is the full code:

Code:

#include <windows.h>

#define WM_TIMER_ADDRESS 0x01001D6C

BYTE nop[5] = {0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90};

void patch()
{
    DWORD dwOld;
    VirtualProtect((LPVOID)WM_TIMER_ADDRESS, 5, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &dwOld);
    memcpy((void *)WM_TIMER_ADDRESS, nop, 5);
    VirtualProtect((LPVOID)WM_TIMER_ADDRESS, 5, dwOld, &dwOld);
}

BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE hinstDLL, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
    if(dwReason == DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Injected to Process!", "Injected!", MB_OK);
        patch();
    }
    return true;
}

Now, let's inject the DLL into Minesweeper and attach OllyDbg to it. After doing so, go the WM_TIMER call.

Before injection:


After injection:


W00t! w00t! Notice how the 5 nops were copied on to the address, essentially, cancelling the call to the timer update. Of course, there are different methods of stopping time. You can create a while loop which will always set the time address(0x0100579c) to zero.

Here is the source for it:

Code:

#include <windows.h>

void timezero()
{
    while(1)
    {
        __asm
        {
            mov eax, 0x0100579c
            mov [eax], 0
        }
    }
}

BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE hinstDLL, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
    if(dwReason == DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Injected to Process!", "Injected!", MB_OK);
        timezero();
    }
    return true;
}

This is a basic hack for a basic game but this technique can be used for other complex games. For example, I'm using this technique to patch XTrap(an anti-cheat program). Basically, step through the code and check for traces of XTrap activity and NOP it or use unconditional jumps. Online games load XTrap through a DLL using LoadLibrary by CALL'ing it from kernel32.dll. You can, of course, NOP the entire LoadLibrary call which, basically, prevents Xtrap.dll from loading.

If you have any questions or suggestions, don't hesitate to reply. You can private message for questions or add my MSN(PM for it).

Hope you learned something.

Simple Port Scanner + Source

Hello fellow coders,
Information:
So, I have been bored for a while and I was flipping through 'My Threads' and saw the Simple port scanner thread I made a while ago; It wasn't the best because it had limitations. Limitations such as one port at a time. So I decided to crank it up to make it multiple ports at a time. Also, I would like to mention that I am still learning Network Programming, Sockets, and all that good stuff, so please use constructive criticism instead of flaming. :)


How to use it
-You have two options.
-Option 1 gives you the ability to scan list of ports. For example: 1337 - 1600 scans all the numbers between 1337 to 1600.
-Option 2 lets you choose specific ports; This is done by using Dynamic Memory Allocation.

Source: http://pastebin.com/T0FBHaxs

#include 
#include 
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib");

int main ()
{
 int option;
 int numOfPorts;
 int *portsArr;
 sockaddr_in sin;
 std::cout << "1. List(ex: x - y)\n";
 std::cout << "2. Specific\n";
 std::cout << "Option: ";
 std::cin >> option;
 if(option == 1)
 {
  WSADATA wsData;
  if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsData) != 0)
  {
   std::cout << "Error: Cannot startup\n";
   std::cin.get();
   std::cin.get();
   return 0;
  }
  int firstPort, secondPort;
  std::cout << "First port: ";
  std::cin >> firstPort;
  std::cout << "Second port: ";
  std::cin >> secondPort;
  for(int i = firstPort; i <= secondPort; i++)
  {
   SOCKET pSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
   if(pSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
   {
    std::cout << "Error: Invalid Socket\n";
    std::cin.get();
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
   }
   ZeroMemory(&sin, sizeof(sin));
   sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
   sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
   sin.sin_port = htons(i);
   if(connect(pSocket, (sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) != SOCKET_ERROR)
   {
    std::cout << "Port: " << i << " is open!\n";
   }
   else
   {
    std::cout << "Port: " << i << " is closed!\n";
   }
   closesocket(pSocket);
  }
 }
 else if(option == 2)
 {
  WSADATA wsData;
  if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsData) != 0)
  {
   std::cout << "Error: Cannot startup\n";
   std::cin.get();
   std::cin.get();
   return 0;
  }
  std::cout << "How many ports would you like to scan?:";
  std::cin >> numOfPorts;
  if(numOfPorts <= 0)
  {
   std::cout << "Ports must be greater than 0";
  }
  else
  {
   portsArr = new int[numOfPorts];
   for(int i = 0; i < numOfPorts; i++)
   {
    std::cout << "Port[" << i << "]: ";
    std::cin >> portsArr[i];
   }
   for(int i = 0; i < numOfPorts; i++)
   {
    
    SOCKET pSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if(pSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
     std::cout << "Error: Invalid Socket\n";
     std::cin.get();
     std::cin.get();
     return 0;
    }
    ZeroMemory(&sin, sizeof(sin));
    sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port = htons(portsArr[i]);

    if(connect(pSocket, (sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) != SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
     std::cout << "Port: " << portsArr[i] << " is open!\n";
    }
    else
    {
     std::cout << "Port: " << portsArr[i] << " is closed!\n";
    }
    closesocket(pSocket);
   }
  }
  delete [] portsArr;
 }
 else
 {
  std::cout << "Enter a valid option!\n";
  std::cin.get();
  std::cin.get();
  return 0;
 }
 std::cin.get();
 std::cin.get();
 return 0;
}

Thanks,
Sri Krishna

P.S. I know the code isn't that great; So, please give me some way to optimize my code.

C++ EBooks and Tutorials.

List made by Mint. from Hackforums Helpful Sites

---

• CProgramming - "CProgramming is your source for everything C and C++!"
• Getting started in microsoft visual studios
• DreamInCode
• CPlusPlus
• C++ Reference Sheet
• Hackforums
  

IDE/Compilers

---

There are tons of IDEs to choose from, but why limit yourself to one? There are tons out there, each have a different look and appeal to them, try out a few and find one you're comfortable with.

• Code::Blocks
• Visual C++ Express
• Eclipse
• Xcode - Apple
• Bloodshed Dev-C++ 5
  

C/C++ Tutorials

---

• C++ Tutorial
  - By. CPlusPlus.com
• C++ Tutorial
  - By. CProgramming
• C++ Tutorial - Video
  - By. TheNewBoston
• C++ Tutorial - Video
  - By. AntiRTFM
• C++ Tutorial
  - By. Washington University
• C++ Tutorial
  - By. Tutorialspoint
• C++ Tutorial - Course
  - By. VTC
• C++ Tutorial - Book
  - By. Jesse Liberty, Bradley Jones
• C++ Tutorial - Book
  - By. Andrew Koenig, Barbara E. Moo
• C++ - The Book
  - By. The creator himself
• C Tutorial
  - By. CProgramming
• C Tutorial
  - By. Cardiff School of Computer Science
• C Tutorial
  - By. Learn-C.org
• C Tutorial
  - By. Eskimo.com
• C Tutorial
  - By. Wikibooks
• C Tutorial - Book
  - By. O'Reilly
• C Tutorial - Book
  - By. K.N.King
• C Tutorial - Book
  - By. Stephen G. Kochan
  

-TicTacToe 2D Arrays - C++

I coded this yesterday because I realized I haven't really created any game with C and because many people here are looking for 2d arrays help. This is a basic tic-tac-toe game with customizable size. You can make it 3x3, 5x5, 10x10 - your wish - by changing the rows and columns preprocessors to your like. This source could be helpful for beginners, like myself, trying to learning multi-dimensional arrays.

Also, for all of those who are using system("CLS"). I've included an alternate function using windows functions. Basically, it gets the output handle to the screen and gets the number of characters on the screen and fills them with ' '(spaces). Done.

With highlights: http://pastebin.com/b8NBK1qZ

#include 
#include 

#define b_col  3
#define b_row  3

void clear_screen()
{
 HANDLE output_handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
 DWORD bytes_write, size;
 COORD coord = {0, 0};
 CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;

 GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(output_handle, &csbi);
 
 size = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y;
 
 FillConsoleOutputCharacter(output_handle, ' ', size, coord, &bytes_write);
 SetConsoleCursorPosition(output_handle, coord);
}

void clear_board(char game_board[][b_col])
{
 for(int i = 0; i < b_row; i++)
  for(int j = 0; j < b_col; j++)
   game_board[i][j] = '-';
}

void print_board(char game_board[][b_col])
{
 for(int i = 0; i < b_row; i++)
 {
  for(int j = 0; j < b_col; j++)
   printf("%c   ", game_board[i][j]);
  printf("\n\n\n");
 }
}

bool place_xo(char game_board[][b_col], int row, int col, char x_o)
{

 if(game_board[row - 1][col - 1] != '-') //if coordinates given is not empty
   return false;
 else
 {
  game_board[row - 1][col - 1] = x_o;
  clear_screen(); //clear screen. don't use system("CLS");
  print_board(game_board); //print board.
  return true;
 }
}

int check_row_col(char game_board[][b_col], char x_o, unsigned int f_row = 0, unsigned int f_col = 0)
{
 int counter = 0;
 if(f_row != 0) //checks rows
 {
  for(int i = 0; i < b_col; i++)
   if(game_board[f_row - 1][i] == x_o)
    counter++;
 }
 else if(f_col != 0) //checks columns
 {
  for(int i = 0; i < b_row; i++)
   if(game_board[i][f_col - 1] == x_o)
    counter++;
 }
 else if(f_col == 0 && f_col == 0) //diagonal
 {
  int d_col = 0;
  for(int d_row = 0; d_row < b_row; d_row++, d_col++)
   if(game_board[d_row][d_col] == x_o)
    counter++;
  if(counter == b_row)
   return counter;
  else
  {
   d_col = b_col;
   counter = 0;
   for(int d_row = 0; d_row < b_row; d_row++, d_col--)
    if(game_board[d_row][d_col - 1] == x_o)
     counter++;
  }
 }
 return counter;
}

bool win_or_not(char game_board[][b_col], char x_o)
{
 for(int i = 1; i < b_col; i++) //checks all columns
 {
  if(check_row_col(game_board, x_o, 0, i) == b_row)
  {
   printf("\n\n\n%c won the game", x_o);
   return true;
  }
 }

 for(int i = 1; i < b_row; i++) //checks all rows
 {
  if(check_row_col(game_board, x_o, i, 0) == b_row)
  {
   printf("\n\n\n%c won the game", x_o);
   return true;
  }
 }

 if(check_row_col(game_board, x_o, 0, 0) == b_row) //diagonal checks
 {
   printf("\n\n\n%c won the  game", x_o);
   return true;
 }

 return false;
}

int main()
{
 if(b_row != b_col)
  return -1;
 char game_board[b_row][b_col];
 bool win_not = false;
 int row, col;
 clear_board(game_board); //clear board
 print_board(game_board); //print board

 bool x_turn = true;

 do
 {
  printf("--It's %c's turn--\n\n", x_turn ? 'X' : 'O');

  printf("Row: ");
  scanf("%d", &row);

  printf("Column: ");
  scanf("%d", &col);

  if(row > b_row || col > b_col)
  {
   printf("\nOut of bounds.\n\n");
   continue;
  }

  if(!place_xo(game_board, row, col, x_turn ? 'X' : 'O')) //place the 'x' and 'o'. x_turn ? 'X' : 'O' returns based on the bool value of x_turn
  {
   printf("\nCannot put %c into row %d, col %d.\n\n", x_turn ? 'X' : 'O', row, col);
   continue;
  }

  win_not = win_or_not(game_board, x_turn ? 'X' : 'O');

  x_turn = !x_turn;
 }while(win_not == false);
 getchar();
 getchar();
 return 0;
}

-Process Terminator with GUI [WinAPI] + Source

I coded this a while back.
It's a Process Terminator that involves GUI(Graphic User Interface). GUI can be achieved through C++ Win32 coding. Google it. It's redundant but pretty neat.
--Problems--
Cannot kill system processes
Issues with right click

--Advantages--
Works like Jesus.

--Screenshot--


--Source--
main.cpp
resource.rc
resource.h

Peace

-ProjectEuler #1 + Solution

Problem Description:

If we list all the natural numbers below 10 that are multiples of 3 or 5, we get 3, 5, 6 and 9. The sum of these multiples is 23. Find the sum of all the multiples of 3 or 5 below 1000. Try it yourself before you look at the solution:

#include 

int main()
{
 unsigned int sum = 0;
 for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) //go through until 1000
  if(i % 3 == 0 || i % 5 == 0) //if it is divisble by 3 or 5
   sum += i; //add the number to sum.
 printf("Sum of natural numbers below 1000, that are divisible by 3 or 5 is %d", sum); //print the sum
 getchar();
 return 0;
}

Solution source: ProjectEuler #1 Output:

Sum of natural numbers below 1000, that are divisible by 3 or 5 is 233168

I'll start uploading more ProjectEulers; if you have any suggestions, comments, or questions, post 'em. ...Sri Krishna.

-DLL Injection Source + Tutorial

Hello,

Full source present below. I am Sri Krishna. I have already posted this tutorial long back in Hackforums. I thought it would be nice to share it here.

Here is a quick explanation of how DLL injection works. The concept is very simple. This encompasses a lot of very useful functions. Very good knowledge.

DLL injection is not really injecting the DLL but to load the DLL inside the targeted process. The function that is used to load a DLL is [a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684175(v=vs.85).aspx"]LoadLibrary[/a]. LoadLibrary takes one argument which is the path of the DLL. We pretty much know how to load a DLL. Now, we need to understand how to make the targeted process load our DLL.

Let's look at it in this perspective: If you want to load a DLL in general, you would call LoadLibrary(DLL_PATH);, however, if you want to LoadLibrary(DLL_NAME); inside a process, you would have to execute that function inside the targeted process, correct? Well, Windows has provided us with useful functions that can help us perform this task. The functions we will be using are OpenProcess, VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, and CreateRemoteThread.

We'll be using OpenProcess to open the target process. The information required to open the process is the Process ID(or PID). I suggest you look at the MSDN documentation for more information.

Here is what OpenProcess is asking:

OpenProcess(HowToOpen, InheritEverything(BOOL), Process ID);

Here is the actual code:

int ProcessID;

std::cin >> ProcessID;

HANDLE hProcess; //This will contain the handle to the process.

hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, false, ProcessID);

Now, hProcess contains the handle to the process, if OpenProcess doesn't return NULL. If OpenProcess returned NULL, then it failed. You can use [url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms679360(v=VS.85).aspx]GetLastError()[/url] function to get details of the failure.

if(hProcess == NULL)

 std::cout << "OpenProcess: " << GetLastError();

else

 //continue

Now, we need to allocate some memory in the targeted process for DLL path so we can pass it to LoadLibrary. We can do this by using VirtualAllocEx.

VirtualAllocEx might sound complicated but the arguments it takes are easy to understand and is perfect for this task. It's similar to malloc or new in C and C++, respectively. malloc/new only works in the process you are working with but with VirtualAllocEx you can "malloc" inside a target process!

What VirtualAllocEx is asking for:

VirtualAllocEx(HandleToTheProcess, WhereDoYouWantToAllocate, HowMuchDoYouWantToAllocate, AllocationType, ProtectionType);

That's essentially what it is asking us for. Now, lets follow along and legitimately fill in the arguments. Please, look up the MSDN Documention for MEM_RESERVE, MEM_COMMIT and PAGE_READWRITE for more information.

LPVOID vAlloc; //Stores our base address where the allocation occured.

vAlloc = VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, NULL, strlen(DLL_PATH) + 1, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);

/*NULL in the second parameter lets the function choose where to allocate memory. We want to allocate

the string length of DLL path, so we can write to it. It's strlen(DLL_PATH) +1 because of the null-terminator. Thanks to PoZHx for reminding me! :)*/

If the function suceeded, vAlloc will contain the base address where the allocation occured. If it failed, it will return NULL. Of course, you can use GetLastError to get more information about why the function failed.

Now, we will write the DLL path in the allocated memory. Now, where in memory region was the memory allocated? Well, vAlloc contains the base address of our memory, so we'll just use that to write our DLL path to. We can do this by using WriteProcessMemory.

This is what WriteProcessMemory is asking:

WriteProcessMemory(WhichProcess, WhereInMemory, WhatToWrite, HowLongIsTheData, HowMuchDidIWrite); //the last parameter is not really needed

Now, lets write the actual code for the task:

WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, vAlloc, DLL_PATH, strlen(DLL_PATH), NULL); //this will pretty much write the DLL path to the process.

If the function suceeded, it will return a non-zero integer. Of course, you can use GetLastError if it returned NULL.

Now, that we have everything up and ready for us to execute our LoadLibrary function inside the process, lets execute it!

We'll need CreateRemoteThread function to create a seperate thread for our LoadLibrary while not pausing the main process thread. CreateRemoteThread is similar to CreateThread except CreateRemoteThread takes one extra parameter which is the handle to the process(I'm sure you guessed it!). We'll pass in our hProcess for that parameter.

What CreateRemoteThread is asking:

CreateRemoteThread(HandleToProcess, ThreadAttributes, StackSize, FunctionToExecute, ParametersToFunction, Flags, ThreadID);

/*For this task, we'll only worry about HandleToProcess, FunctionToExecute, and ParametersToFunction because that's all we need

to execute our thread in the targeted process*/

Now, lets write the actual code for this task:

CreateRemoteThread(hProcess, NULL, NULL, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)LoadLibraryA, vAlloc, NULL, NULL);

If the function failed, it will return NULL. Of course, you can check GetLastError() ;).

However, there are times, rarely, when this function will fail. It's probably because the kernel32.dll is not loaded in the process. This is a problem because kernel32.dll is DLL that provides us the function LoadLibrary. There is a way to fix this problem. You can use [url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms683212%28v=VS.85%29.aspx]GetProcAddress[/url] to get the address of LoadLibrary inside kernel32.dll and we can just call the address.

Here is what GetProcAddress is asking for:

GetProcAddress(HandleToTheModuleWhereTheFunctionIsLocated, FunctionName);

Now, lets write the actual code:

LPVOID pAddr; //This will contain the address of LoadLibrary, if suceeded.

pAddr = GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "LoadLibraryA");

If suceeded, pAddr will contain the address to LoadLibraryA. If it didn't suceed, it will return NULL and we can use GetLastError ;) Now, lets use this address and pass it to CreateRemoteThread.

CreateRemoteThread(hProcess, NULL, NULL, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)pAddr, vAlloc, NULL, NULL);

After you finish creating the remote thread. Make sure to free the memory we have allocated using [url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366894(v=vs.85).aspx]VirtualFreeEx[/url] and make sure to close the handle we have opened using OpenProcess using [url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724211(v=VS.85).aspx]CloseHandle[/url].

Please check the MSDN documentation for more information. VirtualFreeEx is similar to free and delete in C and C++, respectively.

VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, vAlloc, NULL, MEM_RELEASE); //Must call this before closing handle.

CloseHandle(hProcess);

That's basically it! Now, you should, unless you don't speak English, understand how DLL injection works.

Here is the entire source of what we discussed; I added some error checking to help us out:
[url=http://pastebin.com/7AgCZAfx]DLL Injecton[/url]

Here is a source of a DLL to test if the Injector is working:

#include <windows.h>



BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE hinstDLL, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved)

{

 if(dwReason == DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH)

  MessageBox(NULL, "Injected to process!", "Injected!", MB_OK);

 return true;

}

Here is an advanced version of DLL Injector. It opens up a file dialog box and it also lists the process with process IDs: http://pastebin.com/pC8JDVvV

Hope you learned something... Sri Krishna. Please, give me some feedback.

-Introduction.

Hi,

This is website where there will be collaboration of useful tutorials and sources of various programming languages.

Feel free to browse the site to find the appropriate source for your desire and gain knowledge!

If you have any question or request of tutorial, message me. I will do my best to reply back and make a tutorial. :)

Thanks.

P.S. I am Sri Krishna from Hackforums